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Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary: A Winter Paradise for Migratory Birds

Explore Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary and the migratory birds that visit India every winter. Discover top bird species, travel tips, and birdwatching highlights.

Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, officially known as Keoladeo National Park, is a world-renowned haven for bird lovers and one of the best places in India to witness winter migratory birds. Located in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, this UNESCO World Heritage Site transforms into a vibrant bird paradise from October to March, attracting thousands of migratory birds from Europe, Central Asia, and Siberia.

In this post, we’ll explore the migratory bird species that visit Bharatpur in winter, the sanctuary's ecosystem, the best time to visit, and tips for birdwatching.

A Glimpse into Keoladeo National Park

Spanning over 29 square kilometers, Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary is a man-made wetland that supports more than 370 bird species, including waterfowl, raptors, and waders. Originally created in the 18th century as a duck shooting reserve for royalty, it was declared a national park in 1982 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.

The sanctuary’s combination of marshes, swamps, grasslands, and forest patches creates a diverse ecosystem ideal for both resident and migratory birds.

Migratory Birds That Visit Bharatpur in Winter

1. Siberian Crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus)

Once a winter icon of Bharatpur, the Siberian Crane used to migrate from Siberia to India, traveling over 4,000 km. Although now critically endangered and rarely seen, its legacy continues to draw attention to bird conservation efforts.

2. Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus)

These high-altitude flyers cross the Himalayas from Central Asia to reach Bharatpur. They can be seen foraging in wetlands during the winter months.

3. Common Teal (Anas crecca)

A small dabbling duck, the Common Teal arrives from Europe and North Asia. Flocks of these fast-moving birds feed in shallow water bodies and marshes.

4. Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)

Elegant and streamlined, these ducks travel from Siberia and are a common winter visitor to the park's wetlands.

5. Greylag Goose (Anser anser)

These bulky geese migrate from the western Palearctic region and are often seen in groups, grazing along water bodies.

6. Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia)

With their unique spoon-shaped bills, these birds migrate from western and central Europe. They wade through the water filtering insects and crustaceans.

7. Ruff (Calidris pugnax)

This small migratory wader travels from northern Europe to the Indian subcontinent. Bharatpur’s shallow waters make it an ideal feeding ground.

8. Painted Stork (Mycteria leucocephala)

Though largely resident, many flocks migrate locally and gather in large numbers during the cooler months for breeding and nesting.

9. Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa)

A long-distance migrant from Iceland and Central Asia, this wader can be seen probing the muddy edges of wetlands.

10. Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus)

Occasionally spotted in larger wetland areas of the park, these elegant pink birds migrate from Iran and Central Asia.

Best Time to Visit Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary

The ideal time to visit is from November to February, when the migratory birds are most active. The cool, dry climate makes for comfortable birdwatching conditions and better photography opportunities.

Park Timings:

  • Summer: 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM

  • Winter: 6:30 AM to 5:00 PM

Entry Fee:

  • Indians: ₹75

  • Foreigners: ₹500

  • Camera/Guide Fees: Extra

How to Reach Bharatpur

  • By Road: 200 km from Delhi, 55 km from Agra, 35 km from Mathura

  • By Train: Bharatpur Junction is well connected to major cities

  • By Air: Nearest airports are Agra and Delhi

Birdwatching Tips for Visitors

  • Arrive early in the morning for the best bird activity.

  • Hire a cycle-rickshaw guide—they are experienced and know the best spots.

  • Bring binoculars and a field guide or birding app.

  • Avoid loud noises and wear earth-toned clothes.

  • Stay patient—rare sightings often require time and silence.

Conservation and Challenges

Despite its protected status, Bharatpur faces challenges like water scarcity, climate change, and habitat disturbance. Various conservation efforts, including artificial water management and community engagement, are ongoing to maintain its ecological balance.

The sanctuary also serves as a research center, drawing ornithologists, ecologists, and nature photographers from around the world.

Conclusion

Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary is more than just a birding destination—it's a living classroom of migration, adaptation, and coexistence. Visiting during winter offers a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to witness the epic journey of birds from across continents. Whether you're an avid birder, a wildlife photographer, or a curious traveler, Bharatpur offers a peaceful escape into the heart of nature.

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